库尔勒垦区2000—2009年热量资源变化对棉花生产的影响

Influence of Heat Energy Resources Change on Cotton Production in Kolra Reclamation Area in 2000-2009

利用库尔勒垦区29团气象站2000—2009年气象资料,分别对垦区近10 a稳定通过10、15、20℃界限温度的初、终日期,持续日数,积温及无霜期变化进行了分析。结果表明:近10 a库尔勒垦区各界限温度的初日偏早、终日偏晚;稳定通过各界限温度的持续日数均多于历年;各界限温度积温均呈上升趋势;无霜期日数呈略下降趋势且近10 a平均初霜日偏早,终霜日明显推迟。棉花是喜温喜光作物,在棉花播种期、苗期、蕾期及花铃期对热量资源都有一定的需求,对热量资源与相应年份棉花单产的相关分析,得出热量资源丰富年份棉花单产较高等结论。

Based on the meteorological data from the observation at the 29th regiment in Korla reclamation area from ：2000 to 2009, changes of heat indices including the beginning and ending dates, duration days, accumulative temperature, the frost-free period when the temperature steadily went higher than three critical temperatures （10℃, 15℃ ,20℃ ） were analyzed respectively. The results showed that the beginning dates of each critical temperature were earlier while the ending dates of that were later than normal. Duration days which went above three critical temperatures were all steadily more than the normal. The accumulative temperature of three boundaries presented the increasing trend. Duration days of frost-free period decreased slightly. The average first frost dates advanced, and the last frost dates postponed obviously. Now that cotton is a kind of thermophilic and light-preferring crop, and it has certain requirement of heat resources during its periods of sowing, seedling, budding and flowering. Correlation analysis between heat resources and per-square-meter yield of cotton in the corresponding year indicated that per-square-meter yield of cotton was higher in richer heat resource years.