清末赞译关系考察

On the Relationship between the Translator and the Patron in the Late Qing Dynasty

在翻译过程中,赞助人是影响译者翻译的最重要的外部因素。因此,译者与赞助人的关系至关重要。在清末社会伦理关系、政治经济状况发生重大变化的历史环境下,其赞译关系具体表现为依附关系、商业关系、独立自主以及友情合作关系。这些关系突显了清末赞译关系的多元性,对现代翻译工作具有一定的积极意义。

The patron is one of the most important factors affecting the translating process, hence, the relationship between the translator and the patron is critical. With a great change in the social ethical relationship, political and economic situation, the translators are attached to their patrons, or independent of them, or establish a commercial relationship with them, or befriend with them. The variety of the relationship will be of significance to modern translation.