“基因图谱”视角下闽台石器时代文化空间结构分析

The Spatial Analysis of Cultural Characteristics Between Taiwan and Fujian of China During Paleolithic and Neolithic Epoches Based on the Genes Atlas

聚落是识别区域文化景观同一性的重要指标。中国闽台石器时代文化因受区域环境的影响,呈现出与全国其他地区不同的文化特征。借用"文化基因"的概念,运用GIS技术对闽台石器时代文化遗址空间特征、文化特质和历史渊源进行分析。研究结果表明:闽台石器时代文化遗址在产生时间上具有继承性;在空间扩散、迁移及居住地空间选择上,闽台石器文化遗址都呈现了山岗、沿河流阶地和滨海分布模式,并经历了由点经线到面的扩散和迁移过程;在器具、技术工艺和作物类型等方面亦存在着广泛的相似性和共同性。石器遗址文化表明闽台具有相同的文化根基。

The settlement is an important indicator to distinguish the identity of regional cultural landscape. There are wide range of similarities on physical geography between Taiwan and Fujian provinces, such as land- form, climate, vegetation, etc. In addition, the Chinese government strengthened the rule of Taiwan areas grad- ually since the Song Dynasty. At the same time, the Chinese from the Guangdong and Fujian provinces began settling in Taiwan since the 7th century, and they started to develop rapidly in Taiwan on a larger scale, so there are also wide consistencies in land uses, economic activities, culture, etc. between Taiwan and Fujian provinc- es. Finally, the cultural region between Taiwan and Fujian was formed. However, the cultural characteristics of the ancient cultural sites in Taiwan and Fujian provinces show the differences from the rest of other regions in China because of the most ancient settlements and impacts of the regional environment among Taiwan and Fu- jian provinces. This article analyzes the characteristics of spatial distribution and cultural and historical origins of ancient sites among Taiwan and Fujian provinces based on the cultural gene by GIS. The results suggest that the ancient cultural sites between Taiwan and Fujian provinces owned the inherited characteristics in the pro- duction time and the same ways in spatial diffusion, migration and choice of living space. To be specific, the ancient cultural sites between Taiwan and Fujian provinces were mainly located in hills, along the river terrac- es or near the coast. Whatr s more, they both changed from point to line and to surface in the end, from the view of the patterns of diffusion and migration. So it is not difficult to find that there were also wide range of similarities and commonalities in tools, technologies to make tools and in crop types they planted, through drawing gene atlas and comparing by cultural characteristics of those ancient cultural sites between Taiwan and Fujian provinces. Finally, it is also clear that there is the same cultural basis of ancient cultural sites be- tween Taiwan and Fujian provinces.