专业分化:兼容和超越文理分合,培养各类通才专才

Major-Based Curriculum Differentiation:Embrace and Exceed Dual-Streaming or Non-Streaming of Arts and Science Programs,Cultivate and Select A Great Variety of Generalists and Specialists

文理分科、文理合科，或专业分化的体制和观念，涉及高中课程、高考选考、高校招生三个环节。专业是高校的课程体系，可以是精深的，也可以是广博的。无论是在理论上还是具体做法上，专业分化能够培养各种类型的文理通才、文科通才和理科通才，由此，它兼容和超越了文理分合仅仅培养一类文理通才，或者一类文科通才和一类理科通才的体制。

The systems and conceptions of dual streaming or non-streaming of arts and science programs, and major-based curriculum differentiation involve three aspects of senior secondary school courses, college entrance examination, and college admission. Majors are instructional programs in higher edueaition, which might be in-depth or comprehensive. In both theory and international practices, the system of major-based curriculum differentiation can cultivate and select a great variety of generalists across arts and science programs, a great variety of generalists within arts or science programs, and a great vatiety of specialists. Therefore, it embraces and exceeds the systems of dual- streaming or non-streaming.