基于知识溢出效应的企业选址决策分析

Based on the Knowledge of the Spillover Effects of the Enterprise Location Decision Analysis

本文研究基于知识溢出效应的企业选址问题。随着知识时代的来临,企业对区位因素的关注点从过去追求廉价的土地和劳动力等有形的生产要素转为对无形资源,特别是各种知识资源和创新条件的关注,知识溢出这个新的区位因子正逐渐构成企业空间竞争的新变量,成为企业选址的关键因素之一。以Hotelling模型为基础,引入知识溢出系数建立了企业选址与定价的两阶段博弈模型,分析了知识溢出和运输成本两个因素对企业选址的影响。经过对均衡解的分析,发现知识溢出对企业选址具有向心力,运输成本对企业选址具有离心力,两者的均衡决定了企业选址在集群中心还是选址在外围。

This paper analyze the spillover effects of the enterprise based on the knowledge spillover effect. By the knowledge age, the factors of enterprise change from the pursuit of land and labour to some intangible resources, especially in all kinds of knowledge resources and innovation. The new factor of knowledge spillovers gradually becomes the new competition variables. Based on the Hotelling model, we add the knowledge spillover coefficient and set up a two-stage game model to analyzes the influence of knowledge spillover effect and transportation cost on the location strateges. By the equilibrium analysis, we found the knowledge spillover is a kind of centripetal force, transportation cost is a kind of centrifugal force, and the balance of them decide the enterprises location.