试析君士坦丁的军事改革

An Analysis of Constantine's Military Reform

鉴于三世纪以来军队对罗马帝国的政局产生的重大影响,如几个世纪以来不断杀戮和拥立元首,甚至还拍卖帝国的最高统治权,掀起内乱,君士坦丁实行军事改革,加强对军队的控制。他解散近卫军,剥夺近卫军长官的军权,设立军事长官掌管军队;他改变军队的建制,创建巡防军,将机动作战部队与边境驻军相分离。通过改革,君士坦丁较好地控制了军队,增强了军队的战斗力,在一系列战争中取得了胜利,使军队成为保障罗马帝国安全、防御外敌入侵的重要力量,使军队发挥了应有的职能。

Seeing the great influence that army had brought on political situation since the third century, Constantine strengthened his control on the army through military reform. First of all, he disbanded the Praetorian, deprived Praetorian Prefects of military power and set up Magistri Milium to army. Secondly, He changed the organizational system of the army, established comitatenses comitatenses from limitanei. Through the reform, Constantine better controled the army came the main force to safeguard security of the Roman Empire. The army had played a defending the invasion of the foreign enemies. administer the and separated . The army bedue function on