天牛信息素的研究进展

Advances in the studies on semiochemicals in Cerambycid beetles

天牛是对林木健康生长最具破坏力的重要蛀干害虫之一,对天牛信息素的研究是探索基于化学生态学和行为特性的防治技术的重要方面。雌雄二性天牛受寄主植物挥发物,特别是幼虫危害诱导的寄主挥发物的吸引,聚集在取食地点附近。雌雄二性天牛都可释放性信息素吸引异性。雄性在触角接触雌性天牛后,对雌性产生的接触信息素产生反应,识别雌性后才试图和雌性进行交配,雌性天牛表皮蜡质层的烃类或雌雄二性表皮中相对含量比较多的物质成为特有的信号物质。雄性天牛产生聚集信息素吸引雌雄二性。随着对天牛信息素的深入研究,使用信息素复合技术将有利于提高天牛林间诱捕量,对监测天牛种群动态和无公害防治天牛具有极其重要的意义。

Cerambycid beetles were important world-wide stem boring insect pests, degrading lumber, damaging and killing trees in forests, orchards, plantations and urban landscapes. Pheromone research based on chemical ecology and behavioral characteristics was the important aspect of prevention and control technology. Several volatile organic compounds, especially herbivore-infested plant volatiles that attract Cerambycidae species were reported. Both the male and female longicorns could release sex pheromone to attract the opposite sex. The mating sequence in longhorned beetles demonstrated that no males approached females directly until the latter touched them with their antennae suggesting that males recognize potential mates by contact pheromones. Hydrocarbons within the epicuticular wax layer of females or the compounds relatively rich in cuticles of both sexes may constitute the specific signal. The male-produced aggregation pheromone attracted both conspecific males and females in the field. For a better understanding of pheromones by Cerambycid beetles, future studies need address, in addi- tion to ecological and behavioral aspects, the molecular mechanisms underlying interactions between pheromones and corresponding application technologies in the field.