北京市新型零售业空间特征与趋势研究

Spatial Patterns and Trends of Supermarkets in Beijing

借助GIS技术解析北京市以连锁超市为代表的新型零售业的空间布局与集聚特征,探讨其空间布局的成因与趋势。研究发现,1994年以来,超市主要以三环路为基础外向扩展,三、四环路之间与五、六环路之间分布集中,与传统百货商店主要位于三环以内的特征形成明显对比。不同所有制品牌超市分布差异较明显,内地品牌布局相对分散且具有"空间依赖性",外资与合资品牌分布较集中,五环外数量少。北京超市空间集聚特征明显,主要集聚区沿交通廊道在东北、东、西方向延伸至五环外,东南方向主要分布在四环以内。人口与住宅空间的重构、汽车时代的到来、中心区高地价与激烈竞争的挤出效应及功能疏解政策的引导,将促进北京连锁超市在郊区的进一步发展。

With the aid of GIS-based spatial analysis methods, the paper discusses spatial structure and trends of supermarkets in Beijing.It demonstrates that the supermarkets mainly locate in urban function extended districts and new districts of urban development. More domestic supermarkets are between the fifth ring road and the sixth ring road while foreign or joint-venture supermarkets are between the third ring road and the fourth ring road.It also states that thesuperrnarkets diffuse along the radial roads from the urban center of Beijing. In the East, West, and Northwest, the supermarkets extend to five loops outside, while in the Southeast, they distribute within the fourth ring road. In the end, the paper proposes that the Supermarkets will achieve further development in the suburbs because of suburbanization of population and housing, rapid development of private cars, high land prices and intense competition from the center districts, and the guidance of government plans and policies.