FDI提高供水企业的绩效了吗?

Did FDI improve the performance of water supply enterprises in China?

公用事业部门之一的供水部门的市场化改革始于引进FDI。21世纪以来,供水部门市场化改革加速,与此同时,外资参股甚至控制我国地方供水企业引起的争议一直没有停止。通过对中国大中型城市的200多家大中型供水企业近十年的面板数据分析,发现引入FDI的企业,供水企业的财务指标得到明显改善,即销售额和销售利润率明显提高,管理成本和政府补贴占销售额的份额明显下降。但是引入FDI并不能改善供水企业的运营绩效,和其他私人资本参与类似,外资参与未能提高全要素生产率、降低自来水的漏损率和改善管网建设。

As one of the public sectors, water supply sector begin it marketization reform from accept FDI. Since 21 century, the reform accelerated. But the disputes on inflow FDI to water supply sector keep increasing. Whether FDI improve the performance of water supply enterprises? We collected panel data of more than 200 large and medium-sized water supply enterprises in large and medium-sized cities in China from 1998-2007.We found that the sales and the share of profit in sales of the firms with FDI are significantly larger than that of other firms, while the share of management expense in sales and government subsidy in sales are significantly lower than that of other firms. Introducing FDI makes the employment growth slower, the leak rate lower, and decreases pipe growth.