本院护士自我效能感的调查及相关对策研究

A Research About Nurses’ Self-efficacy and Corresponding Countermeasures in People’s Hospital of Pudong New Area Shanghai

目的：对笔者所在医院护士一般自我效能感做调查并研究相关对策.方法：运用〈一般自我效能感〉调查表对本院387 名护士进行调查.结果：本院护士一般自我效能感得分为1.00-3.60 分,平均（2.31±0.50） 分,明显低于量表常模和护士群体水平,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01） ;本院临床科室、急诊科、ICU 护士的一般自我效能感得分比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.护士长和护士的一般自我效能感得分比较,差异有统计学意义;不同年龄、不同学历、不同职称、不同婚姻状况、不同聘用形式、不同工作性质、不同月薪的护士之间的一般自我效能感得分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论：本院护士的一般自我效能感处于较低水平,亟待进一步提高.营造学习氛围,创造良好的护理文化,加强临床实践技能的培养,增加成功的直接体验,并建立竞争机制.培养一支高素质的护理管理队伍,提高管理水平,发扬率先垂范、引领的榜样作用.完善绩效考核制度,建立奖励机制,激发护士的工作热情.合理配置人力资源,改善工作环境,缓解工作压力.组织心理学知识的系列培训,缓解护士的心理压力,防止发生职业倦怠,培养自我调适能力,提高工作效率和质量,从而提高护士的自我效能感和职业成就感.

Objective ： To study general nurses＇ self-efficacy and corresponding countermeasures. Methods ： To survey 387 nurses in the hospital based on General Nurses＇ Self-efficacy. Results ： The general score of general nurses＇ self-efficacy was 1.00-3.60, and the average score was （2.31 ±0.50） which was clearly below the scale norm and average nurses＇ group level. The two parts＇ difference had statistical significance（P〈0.01）. Clinical departments, emergency service, ICU nurses＇ general self-efficacy score had difference, which had statistical significance by comparison（P〈0.05）. There was no statistical difference among different age, education background, job title, marital status, employment, job category and salary（P〉0.05）. Conclusion ： Focus on improving the nurses＇ self-efficacy. Create a better study environment and a good nursing culture, strengthen clinical practice skills training and set up competition mechanism. Develop a high-level nursing group, and enhance the management skills, and lead a good leadership. To improve the performance appraisal system, establish the reward system, and stimulate the nurse work enthusiasm. Rational configuration of human resource, improve the working environment, ease the pressure. Organize psychological knowledge training series to relieve the nurse＇ s psychological pressure, prevent the occurrence of occupational tiredness, and euhivate their ability to adjust themselves to improve work efficiency and quality, so as to improve the nurse＇ s self-efficacy and professional sense of accomplishment.