略论“朱陈之辩”——兼谈南宋理学与事功之学对立的实质

The Debate between Zhu Xi and Chen Liang——Also on the Essence of the Opposition between Neo Confucianism and Practicalism

宋孝宗统治后期,发生于理学大家朱熹与浙东著名事功学者陈亮之间的大论战,在当时思想领域引起广泛反响,史称"朱陈之辩"。这场论战主要围绕对"道"的理解、"王道"与"霸道"、义理与利欲、成人之道等问题展开,不仅反映出彼此在哲学观、历史观、价值观和人生观方面的理论分歧,也成为理学和事功之学两种思潮尖锐对立的一个缩影,其实质是双方对社会现实看法的差异,以及在新的历史环境下改造和发挥先秦儒学的不同取向。

During the late period of Emperor Xiaozong of the Song Dynasty,a fierce debate between Zhu Xi,a master of Neo-Confucianism and Chen Liang,an advocate of practicalism,aroused widespread attention in the intellectual domain of that time.The debate focused on dao(the way),Wangdao(benevolent way) and badao(overbearing way),yili(universal truth) and liyu(utility),and the way to behave,etc.It reflected theoretical divergences of the two scholars in their views on philosophy,history,values and life,as well as the intense opposition between the two schools of thought.In essence,it represented different opinions on social reality and divergent orientations on how to transform and develop pre-Qin's Confucianism in new historical conditions.