罗布泊极旱荒漠区的土壤

Extreme Dry Desert Soil of Lop Nur

新疆罗布泊野骆驼国家级自然保护区位于哈密、巴州、吐鲁番三地州。罗布泊是塔里木盆地最低的断陷洼地,也是第四纪以来盆地地表水的集水中心和积盐中心。1970年干涸后4 000 km2的湖盆成为平坦的岩盐地,其外围分布着各种类型的盐壳、棕漠土、风沙土等极旱荒漠土壤,局部地段分布有草甸土、盐土等,山地分布有棕钙土、高寒荒漠土,各种土壤有其不同的特征。

The scope of Wild Camel National Nature Keserve ot Lop Nor includes me mree prezectures, Hami Prefec-ture, Bayin＇ guoleng Mongol Autonomous Prefecture and Turpan Prefectur. Lop Nor is the lowest rifting depression re-gion of the Tarim basin, and also is the center of water and salt centralizing from basin surface water since the Quater-nary. Since 1970 ,the basin of Lop Nor dried up and about 4 000km^2 basin turned into flat salt beds. There have many types of salt crust, brown desert soil, sandy soil at the external areas that belong to the soil type of extreme dry desert, have meadow soil, salt soil at partial field, and have brown soil, alpine desert soil at the mountain area of Lop Nur. Moreover, each type of soil has distinctive characteristic.