关于黄土高原陇东地区环境变化的回顾与思考

Review and Consideration of Environmental Changes of Longdong Area at the Loess Plateau

在近七八十年里,生态环境脆弱的陇东地区由于人口增加引起乱砍滥伐、过度放牧、陡坡开垦造成的水土流失和引起大量开垦坡地,广种薄收,形成"越穷越垦、越垦越穷"的恶性循环等等,出现了一系列人地矛盾。随着植树造林,退耕还林,禁止放牧等一系列政策措施的实施和社会经济的快速发展,使得这一矛盾得到了一定程度的缓解,可今后怎样保持和继续深化以及怎样在环境可承载下发展经济和提高人民的生活水平是我们要思考的问题。从环境变化的几个方面进行讨论并得出一些存在的问题及建议。

In the past 70-80 years, at the Longdong tion growth area where has the vulnerable ecological environment, popula-tion growth , deforestation, overgrazing and steep slope reclamation have aroused many problems, such as soil erosion increase, extensive cultivation but thin harvest, large number slope field reclamation and so on. Furthermore, people above movements have caused a vicious circle of ＂ the poorer the more reclamation, and the more reclamation the poorer ＂ and have aroused a series of contradiction between human and land. Whit a series of policy measures inclu-ding farmland returning to forests, afforestation and grazing prohibition being implemented and society and economy rapid increase, the contradiction between human and land has been relieved to some extend, but how to keep and in- tensify the acquired achievement, how to develop economy and increase the living level of public based on the limits of local environment bearing capacity are the future issues. This paper discusses the above demands in view of some aspects of environment change, and puts forward some problems and suggestions.