城市群的生态研究方向:城市群落学解析

The Ecologic Research Direction of Urban Agglomerations:Urban Coenology

城市群落是若干城市在共同的生境条件下通过竞争、共生等生态行为所形成,并与环境相互作用的城市群体,是具有协同进化、演替等生态功能的有机体。运用群落生态学的理论、方法对群落中城市种群间的关系、城市群落的结构特征及城市群落演替等方面进行研究,试图探求促进城市群落持续发展的规律。!首先界定城市群落、城市群落学等相关概念,构建城市群落学理论框架;其次对比分析了生物群落与城市群落的特征和生态功能上的相似性和差异性;最后阐述了有关城市群落的种群组成、种间关联、群落结构及群落演替的研究内容,并提出了相应的城市群落研究方法。从生态学角度来看城市问题,借鉴群落生态学的原理和研究方法来认识城市群的发展,是"回归自然"的城市发展观点,有利于促进城市群落功能的发挥,推动城市群落向特定的方向演替。

The urban community is constituted by certain cities under same she comditions through ecology behaviors such as competition, predation, paragenesis. The urban community has interactions with environment and has ecology functions of coevolution, succession and so on. By the theory and method of Community Ecology,the paper is researc-hing on community in relations, urban community＇s structural feature and its succession, attempts to seek the sus-tained development rule of the urban community. Firstly, the paper limits the related concept of urban community and the Urban Coenology, builds its theory frame; secondly, contrastive analysis the similarity and difference of character-istic and ecology function between biotic community and urban community; thirdly, elaborates researching contents of tion succession of urban community.