圆周度与三棱镜度数的临床对比观察

The clinical comparative observation of circular degree and triple prism degree

目的观察圆周度与三棱镜度数理论值与临床值的差异并分析其可能的原因。方法本组共202例水平共同性斜视患者,共同性外斜视100例,男43例,女57例,最小年龄6岁,最大45岁,平均年龄17.89±7.44岁。共同性内斜视102例,男46例,女56例,最小年龄3岁,最大63岁,平均年龄18.82±9.02岁。分别以角膜映光法和三棱镜遮盖-去遮盖法行斜视角测量。将数据输入SPSS17.0软件行统计学处理。结果外斜视的圆周度与三棱镜度的换算值:1°=1.85△～2.24△。内视圆周度与三棱镜度的换算值:1°=2.07△～2.50△。内斜视和外斜视圆周度和三棱镜度的临床值同理论值的差异均有统计学意义(=0.002-0.000);内斜视与外斜视的临床值间也有统计学意义(=0.001)。结论①圆周度与三棱镜度理论值和临床值的比值随斜视度的增加而增加;②内斜视圆周度与三棱镜度的比值较外斜视大。患者配合程度、瞳孔直径大小、隐斜度的部分缺失及三棱镜块本身的缺陷等是造成圆周度与三棱镜度差异的主要原因。同视机联合三棱镜检查斜视度可能更为准确。

Objective To investigate the feature and reasons of difference between circular degree and triple prism degree. Methods There were 202 patients of horizontal concomitant squintinvolved, among of them, 100 cases with exotropia, 43 cases were men of 57 were women, of average age of 17.89±7.44 years old, and 102 cases ofesotropia, 46 cases were men while 56 were women, with average age of 18.82±9.02 years old. All the patients were examined by arc perimeter stra-bismometry and prism plus shaded strabismometry in a shortdistance of 33cm, data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 Results In the esotropia patients, the conversions of circular degree （°） and prism degree （A） were： 1°=2.07△-2.50△; while inthe exotropiapatients the conversions were ： 1°=1.85△ - 2.24△. There were statistically significant between clinic values and theoretical values of short distance and long distance in esotropia and exotropia patients, and clinic values were statisti- cally significant between esotropia patients and exotropia patients. Conclusion Clinic values by circular degree are less than that by triple prism strabismometry, the diversity between the two methodsis enlarged with the increase of angle of strabismus. Clinic values ofesotropia patients are greater than that ofexotropia patients. The primary causes of the differences between patients with degree, the diameter size, circular degree and prism degree are heterophoria, fusion faculty and defects of the triple prism itself. Depending on the machine with joint prism check strabismus degrees may be more precise.