低空遥感影像的测绘性能研究

Research on Mapping and Forestry Investigation Performing of Low Altitude Remote Sensing Images

低空遥感是一种新型的对地观测技术,在国土监测、城市规划、精准农业、防灾救灾、军事侦查等领域具有重要作用和广泛的应用前景。以山区、丘陵和平原三种不同地形为研究对象,分析低空影像的测绘精度和误差成因,结果表明:①丘陵和平原平坦地形低空影像的测绘精度可满足一般测绘的要求;山区低空影像的测绘精度较低,可作为背景信息与其它测绘数据结合使用。②低空影像的测绘精度与设备性能有较大关系,其校正精度取决于内、外元素测量仪器的精度和传感器的光学性能。③随着机载惯性系统MU(Inertial Measuring Unit)和高精度定位终端的小型化和性能提高,低空遥感技术将成为中小区域精准调查的重要技术手段。

Low altitude remote sensing, as a new observation technique of landscape with significant prospect and application potentials, can be implemented in national geographic survey, urban planning, precision agri- culture, natural disaster prevention and rescue, military detection and etc. This thesis focused on the analysis of the mapping precision and the formation of biases through the study of mountainous regions, hills and plains. The result indicated that （1）the mapping precision of the images generated at low altitude of hills and plains can meet the requirements of survey ; while the mountainous regions produced low precision rate images, which can be merged with other survey data as back ground information. （2）The mapping precision of low altitude image re- lied significantly on the performance of equipment. The accuracy in calibration depends on the precision of in- ternal and external surveying equipment and the optical performance of sensors. （3）With the installation of MU （ Inertial Measuring Unit） and miniaturization and performance enhancement of high precision Terminal Position Location System, low altitude surveying will become an important technique in precision survey.