枇杷叶中三萜类成分的研究

Isolation of the triterpenes from Eriobotrya japonica leaves

采用色谱方法对枇杷叶成分进行分离纯化,并依据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果从枇杷叶乙醇提取物中分离到13个化合物,经鉴定为三萜和脂肪醇类物质,其中三萜:乌苏酸(1)、蔷薇酸(2)、齐墩果酸(3)、2α,19α-二羟基-3-羰基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(4)、2α,3β,13β-三羟基-11-烯-28-乌苏酸(5)、2α-羟基白桦脂酸甲酯(6)、科罗索酸甲酯(7)、乌苏醇(8)、科罗索酸(9)、2α,3α,19α-三羟基-12-烯-28-齐墩果酸(10)、β-谷甾醇(11)、2α,3α,19α,23-四羟基齐墩果酸(12);脂肪醇:正二十一烷醇(13)。化合物5、6、8、12和13是首次从枇杷属植物中分离得到。

The chemical constituents of Eriobotrya japonica were isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods,and their structures were identified by analysis of spectral data and physicochemical properties.Thirteen compounds were obtained and identified,twelve triterpenes namely ursolic acid（1）,euscaphic acid（2）,oleanolic acid（3）,2α,19α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-urs-12-en-28-oic acid（4）,2α,3β,13β-trihydroxyurs-11-en-28-oic acid（5）,2α,3β-dihydroxy-lup-20（29）-en-28-oic acid methyl ester（6）,methyl corosolate（7）,uvaol（8）,corosolic acid（9）,2α,3α,19α-trihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid（10）,β-sitosterol（11）,2α,3α,19α,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid（12）,and one alcohol,l-heneicosanol（13）.Compounds 5,6,8,12 and 13 have been obtained from genus Eriobotrya for the first time.