19世纪60—80年代俄国境内朝鲜移民法律地位形成的中朝因素探析

Analysis of the Sino-Korean Element in the Legal Formation of Korean Migrants in Russia from 1860s to 1880s

19世纪60—80年代,随着俄国积极吸引劳动力开发远东政策的推行,朝鲜移民数量逐年增加,其法律地位亟待确立。在19世纪下半叶东北亚各国利益角逐与权力制衡的背景下,俄国朝鲜移民的法律地位问题不仅关乎俄国自身大计,更牵涉了中朝利益。通过对解密的俄罗斯帝国对外政策档案及相关原始资料的分析,我们认为,中朝两国对俄国积极安置朝鲜移民政策进行了全力抵制,不仅影响了俄国境内朝鲜移民法律地位的形成,还阻止了俄国东北亚战略计划的实施。在中朝两国的反对下,俄国仅部分地确立了其境内朝鲜移民的合法地位,这大大限制了俄国远东地区的朝鲜劳动力数量,破坏了俄国利用朝鲜移民开发远东,并以此为契机渗入朝鲜、角逐东北亚的战略计划。

From 1860s to 1880s,with Russia＇s policy of the Far East to actively attract labor, Korean immigrants in Russia＇s Far East increase, and their legal status are urgently to be decided. In the context of competing interests and the balance of powers in the second half of the 19th century of countries in Northeast Asia, the legal status of the Russian Korean immigrants is not only about Russia＇s own plans, but also concerning the common interest of Chinese and Korean government. In this paper, the deeryption of the Russian Empire＇s foreign policy files and the original data are analyzed, and they indicate that the full interference on Russia positive placement of Korean immigration policy is practiced by Korea and China, and it affects not only the formation of Korean immigrant legal status in Russia, but also the Northeast Asian strategic plan of Russia. Under the Interference of Korea and China, Russia has to determine in part the legal status of Korean immigrants. It greatly limits the number of Korean labor in Russia＇s Far East, and undermines Russia＇s strategic plan to develop the Far East by using Korean immigrants and take this opportunity to penetrate into Korea so as to expand to Northeast Asia.