稻壳真空烧结制备多孔炭材料研究

Study on preparation of porous carbon material by vacuum calcination of rice hull

稻壳是稻米加工业的重要副产物。目前稻壳的深加工利用率低,因此开发以稻壳为原料的高附加值产品成为粮食深加工领域的一个热点问题。以稻壳为原料,经过预炭化后,采用一定浓度的碱溶液浸泡处理,然后真空烧结活化制备出了多孔炭材料。研究了预炭化工艺和活化条件对多孔炭材料的比表面积、孔结构及灰分的影响。结果表明:稻壳在马弗炉中300℃预炭化1h,然后采用10%KOH溶液浸泡24h,再700℃真空烧结1.5h得到的多孔炭产品比表面积达到1600cm2/g以上。

Rice hull is a main by-product of the rice milling industry. Only a little part of rice hulls were utilized efficiently,thus the production of valuable materials from rice hull was commonly recognized. Porous carbon material was prepared under vacuum condition from pre-carbonized rice hull after chemical activation using alkali solution. The effects of pre-carbonization and activation processes on the specific surface area,pore volume and ash content of porous carbon materials were investigated. The results showed that the porous carbon with specific surface area over 1600cm2/g was prepared as follows.pre-carbonized rice hulls at 300℃ in Muffle furnace were immersed into 10%（wt） of KOH solution for 24h,then calcined at 700℃for 1.5h under vacuum condition.