大学生乙型肝炎防治知识健康教育效果评价

Evaluation on hepatitis B health education among undergraduates

目的评价甘肃省开展大学生乙型肝炎健康教育项目效果,为大学生乙型肝炎防治策略的制定提供参考依据。方法采用分层多阶段抽样的方法,在甘肃省46所高校中选取被试大学生,分别在项目实施前、后进行随机问卷调查,比较实施项目前、后在校大学生乙肝防治知识知晓率及对乙肝的态度。结果通过项目的实施,大学生乙肝相关知识的知晓率从31.4%～85.1%提高到了83.1%～90.7%(P值均<0.01)。"得知身边的同学是乙肝病毒携带者以后",选择"不影响两人交往"的大学生从项目实施前的18.4%增加到了40.9%(P<0.01);认为"不介意与乙肝病毒携带者共同进餐"的大学生从29.3%增加到了74.1%(P<0.01)。结论通过在校园内开展广泛的健康教育活动,在校大学生乙肝防治基本知识知晓率显著提高,并降低了对乙肝病毒携带者的歧视心理。

Objective To evaluate the project of hepatitis B （ HB） health education among undergraduates in Gansu province, and to provide reference for the preventive strategies. Methods The questionnaire survey of awareness rates and attitude about hepatitis B was conducted before and after implementation the project in Gansu Province. Multiple stratified cluster sampling method was used in the survey. Results The awareness rate of undergrads about hepatitis B was increased from 31.4% -85.1% to 83.1% -90.7% （ P〈0.01）. When the students learned about their classmates were HBV carrier, the number of students believed that it will not affect the exchanges between the two was raised from 18.4% to 40.9%. And the proportion of students considered that they did not mind eating together with them was increased from 29.3% to 74.1% （ P〈0.01）. Conclusion Through implementation the project, the awareness of undergraduates about hepatitis B are obviously improved. And it decreased the discrimination against HBV carrier of undergraduates.