宁夏地区回汉族中小学生超重肥胖流行趋势分析

Analyses of the prevalence changes of overweight and obesity in Hui and Han students in Ningxia

目的了解宁夏地区2005-2010年回族与汉族不同群体学生超重、肥胖流行趋势,为制定学生肥胖防治措施提供依据。方法使用2005和2010年宁夏地区全国学生体质调研资料的数据,利用中国学龄儿童青少年超重和肥胖体质量指数(BMI)筛查标准,对7～18岁中小学生进行超重、肥胖筛查。结果汉族男生超重率2005年为7.9%,2010年为10.1%;肥胖率2005年为3.8%,2010年为5.1%。回族男生超重率2005年为4.0%,2010年为7.4%;肥胖率2005年为1.9%,2010年为4.7%。汉族女生超重率2005年为5.4%,2010年为5.7%;肥胖率2005年为1.8%,2010年为2.9%。回族女生超重率2005年为4.7%,2010年为5.9%;肥胖率2005年为1.3%,2010年为2.6%。城乡回、汉族7～12岁小学生是超重、肥胖高流行的群体。在控制了年龄、城乡、性别的影响后,2010年学生超重肥胖率高于2005年,汉族学生的超重、肥胖率高于回族学生,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论宁夏地区城市和农村回、汉族中小学生超重和肥胖均已逐渐进入流行增长期,需要采取综合防治措施控制学生肥胖。

Objective To analyze the prevalence changes of overweight and obesity in Hui and Han students in Ningxia from 2005 to 2010, in order to provide evidence for development of preventive measures against obesity. Methods Students aged 7 to 18 participated in the 2005 and 2010 National Survey on Students＂ Constitution and Health of Ningxia were selected as subjects. The newly established BMI screening criteria for o- verweight and obesity was used to analyze the prevalence among various populations. Results The prevalence rates of overweight among Han boys, Han girls, Hui boys and Hui girls were 10.1% , 5.7% ,7.4% and 5.9% in 2010, 7.9% , 5.4% ,4.0% and 4.7% in 2005, respectively. Mean- while, the prevalence rates of obesity for the Han boys, Han girls, Hui boys, and Hui girls were 5.1% , 2.9 % , 4.7 % and 2.6% in 2010,3.8%, 1.8%, 1.9% and 1.3% in 2005, respectively. The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were higher among children aged 7-12 than those a- mong other age groups in Hui and Han students of rural and urban areas. The ordinal regression showed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity among students in 2010 were higher than those in 2005 after controlling for living areas （in urban area or not） , age and gender. Meanwhile, the Han students were higher than those of Hui students. Conclusion The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity increase rapidly and spread from urban to rural areas among Hui and Han students gradually in Ningxia, therefore, it is necessary to take comprehensive measures to prevent and control the obesity of adolescents in Ningxia.