川西北干旱河谷地区赤霞珠葡萄果实花色苷的积累

Accumulation of anthocyanins in Cabernet Sauvignon grape berries from dry valley region of northwestern Sichuan

花色苷是葡萄果实主要呈色物质,其积累受环境因素的影响。本研究以川西北干旱河谷地区的赤霞珠葡萄果实为试材,采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用以及荧光实时定量PCR技术分析了果实成熟过程中花色苷的组成与含量及部分关键酶基因的表达。结果表明,从果实完全转色至随后的3或4周内,是花色苷积累的高峰期;酰化和非酰化花色苷的相对比例及甲基化和非甲基化花色苷的相对比例不随成熟进程或年份而变化,但花翠素类与花青素类花色苷的相对比例受年份影响较大,降雨量是最主要的影响因子,它可能通过影响花色苷积累高峰期果实类黄酮代谢中F3'H和F3'5'H基因的表达而影响碳的分支流向。

Anthocyanins are main pigments in grapes. Their accumulation is affected by the environmental factors. The present study investigated the composition and content of anthocyanins as well as the expression of key genes in ripening ＇Cabernet Sauvignon＇ grapes from the dry valley region of northwestern Sichuan with the help of high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS） and real-time PCR. The results showed that the peak of anthocyanin accumulation appeared from ~11 coloration to subsequent 3 or 4 weeks. The relative ratio of acylation and non-acylation, as well as the relative ratio of methylation and non-methylation almost unchanged accompanying with berry mature and between different vintages, while the relative ratio of delphinidin and cyanidin derivatives varied with vintages. Total rainfall amount might be the main factor affecting the synthesis of delphinidin and cyanidin derivatives, and they could affect the expression amount of VvFYH and VvFY5＇H, which affects the flow of carbon in the flavonoid metabolism to different branch pathways.