北京昌平区2009-2010学年中小学教学环境卫生学监测结果分析

Surveillance and analysis on teaching environmet hygiene among 2009-2010 grade of primary and secondary School in Changping district,Beijing city

目的了解昌平区中小学教学环境卫生学现状。方法 2009年11月至2010年1月,对辖区71所中小学校教学环境严格按照学校卫生标准的要求进行了监测,监测项目计算合格率并进行中小学校之间、城乡学校之间的比较。结果课桌椅分配符合率38.73%,小学高于中学(χ2=5.278,P<0.05),城镇高于乡村(χ2=6.157,P<0.05);玻地比合格率30.28%,乡村高于城镇(χ2=7.629,P<0.05);采光系数和后侧墙反射系数合格率分别为54.93%和35.21%,其城乡学校之间及中小学校之间差异均无统计学意义;灯桌间距合格率35.92%,小学高于中学(χ2=4.095,P<0.05),城镇高于乡村(χ2=4.243,P<0.05);桌面平均照度合格率46.49%,其城乡学校之间及中小学校之间差异均无统计学意义;黑板反射系数合格率80.28%;室温、CO2含量、相对湿度、室内噪声合格率分别为71.83%、67.61%、46.48%和87.32%;16.67%的城镇中学女厕所蹲位不足,10.39%的乡村学校男小便池长度不够,9.09%的乡村学校厕所为旱厕或水旱兼有,便后洗手设施不足或无洗手设施。结论昌平区中小学教学环境存在诸多问题,应引起有关部门的高度重视。

Objective To understand the environmental health status of Primary and Secondary Schools′ teaching environment in Changping district.Methods From Nov.2009 to Jan.2010,71 primary and secondary schools′ teaching environment were investigated.Results The coincidence rate of desk-chair setting was 38.37%,primary schools were higher than secondary schools（P0.05）,in urban areas were higher than those in rural areas（P0.05）;Glass and the ground of the ratio is 30.28%,in rural areas were higher than those in urban areas（P0.05）;Daylighting coefficient and rear wall reflection coefficient qualified rate were 54.93% and 35.21% respectively;Light table spacing was 35.92%,primary schools were higher than secondary schools（P0.05）,in urban areas were higher than those in rural areas（P0.05）;The standard reaching rate of desk top illumination was 46.49%;The standard reaching rate of black board reflection coefficient was 80.28%;The classroom room temperature,indoor noise,CO2 content and relative humidity qualified rate were 71.83%,87.32%,67.16% and 46.3%;16.67% of urban secondary school CunWei ladies room insufficient;20.5% rural school male urinal per capita length is insufficient,9.09% of the rural school toilets for pit toilet or with toilet,without washing facilities or inadequate hand-washing facilities.Conclusions There are many environmental quality problems in primary and secondary schools of Changping district,should cause the attention of the relevant departments.