湖北省2011年手足口病流行特征分析

Epidemiology and etiology of hand-foot-mouth disease in Hubei in 2011

目的了解湖北省2011年手足口病(HFMD)流行特征,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2011年湖北省各地上报HFMD病例以及重症、死亡病例数据进行分析。结果 2011年湖北省共报告HFMD病例63 767例,发病率为111.41/10万;其中重症病例159例,死亡24例。高发年龄为6月龄～3岁儿童,发病时间呈4～7月和10～12月双流行高峰,重症和死亡病例主要发生在4～7月流行高峰。病原学检测结果为肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性1 439例(占53.02%),科萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16)阳性776例(占28.59%),其他肠道病毒阳性499例(占18.39%),EV71为重症和死亡病例绝对优势病原。结论 2011年湖北省HFMD疫情处于较高流行水平,应重点加强第一个流行高峰和高发地区的HFMD预防控制工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） in Hubei province,and to determine its etiological factors.Methods A total of 63767 cases of HFMD were reported in 2011 and their clinical data were analyzed by a descriptive epidemiological method.Results The overall incidence rate of HFMD was 111.41/100,000.Among these cases,159 were severe and 24 were fatal.Children aged from 6 months old to 3 years were the most susceptible population.One of the two epidemic seasons was from April to July in which most severe and fatal cases appeared,and another was from October to December.Etiological analysis revealed that enterovirus 71（EV71） and Coxsackie virus A16（CoxA16） were the major pathogens of HFMD with the positive rates of 53.02% and 28.59% respectively,while the positive rate of other enterovirus was 18.38%.EV71 was found to be predominantly responsible for most of the severe and fetal cases.Conclusions The epidemic of HFMD was still in a high level in Hubei province in the year of 2011.It is critical to control efficiently for the first peak endemics especially in high-risk regions.