德宏州不同民族人群地中海贫血基因调查及分析

Investigation and analysis on the thalassemia gene among different nationality in Dehong Autonomous Prefecture

目的了解德宏州傣族、景颇族、阿昌族、德昂族、傈僳族、汉族人群携带地中海贫血基因现状,为防治提供科学依据。方法采用PCR和反向点杂交技术鉴定β-地贫基因;以跨跃断裂点PCR(GAP-PCR)技术和凝胶电泳鉴定α-地贫基因,并进行统计分析。结果检测血样本3 018份,检出地中海贫血基因939份,阳性率31.11%,其中α地中海贫血基因阳性率18.36%,β地中海贫血基因阳性率12.76%。不同民族的阳性率比较差异均有统计学意义。结论德宏州属地中海贫血高发区,临床工作中要做好鉴别诊断和治疗。

Objective To study the carrier status of thalassemia gene among Dai nationality,Jingpo nationality,a’chang nationality,De’ang nationality,Lisu nationality and Han nationality of Dehong Autonomous Prefecture and provide basis for scientific prevention and cure.Method Adopting PCR and reverse dot blot to identify β-thalassemia and using GAP-PCR and gel electrophoresis to identify α-thalassemia,the results developed statistical analysis.Results Total of 3 018 serum samples were detected,939 were positive,the positive rate was 31.11%.The carrier rates of α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia were 18.36% and 12.76%,respectively.There were significant differences among the different nationalities on carrier rate of thalassemia genes.Conclusions Dehong Autonomous Prefecture was the high-risk area of thalassemia in our country,so we should do well the work on differential diagnosis and treatment in the clinical work.