外商直接投资对我国制造业比较优势的影响分析

Analysis of foreign business direct investment's influence on China manufacture industry comparative advantage

本文通过1995~2009年外商直接投资和产业比较优势指数的分析表明,外商直接投资对我国制造业比较优势有显著影响,外商直接投资对我国服装业等劳动密集型制造业的比较优势呈现负相关,而对资本和技术密集型工业制造业的比较优势呈正相关。随着我国生产要素成本提高和消费市场的扩大,外商直接投资推动着我国劳动密集型制造业转型升级,同时促进资本和技术密集型制造业发展。未来,我国将由＂世界工厂＂向＂世界市场＂转变,生产环节将由＂低端的加工＂向＂研发和市场两端＂外移,因此,＂十二五＂期间我国要根据产业比较优势的动态变化,加强对外商直接投资的产业引导。

By analyzing the index of comparative advantage of Foreign Direct Investment（FDI）from 1995 to2009 in China,this paper shows that FDI plays a significant role on China＇s manufacturing industry,which shows negative correlation in labor-intensive manufacturing sector while positive correlation in capital and technology-intensive manufacturing industry.As China＇s the production cost increasing and consumer markets expanding,FDI is promoting transformation and upgrading of China＇s labor-intensive manufacturing industry,while the development of capital and technology-intensive manufacturing industry.China will experience the transformation from＂world factory＂to＂world market＂and from product processing link to RD and market..Hence,China should strengthen the FDI in the industry guide according to industry dynamics changes of comparative advantage in the Twelfth Five-year Plan period.