利益相关者视角下民办高校监管体系的构建

The Supervision System Construction in Private Universities Based on Stakeholders Perspective

民办高校是一种典型的利益相关者组织,民办高校举办者、学生及其家长、教职工、政府和公众等,都是民办高校健康发展中关系密切的利益相关者。基此,在完善学校法人治理结构上,民办高校应立足于利益相关者治理,构建利益相关者参与的监督体系,以维护利益相关者的利益、保障高等教育的公益性与公共性。但在现实办学实践中,我国民办高校内外监督制约机制普遍缺失,利益相关者难以起到监督作用。我国民办高校事实上陷入"家族化"经营治理,从而极大制约着民办高校的持续健康发展。当前,民办高校应着力建立健全以监事会为重点的内部利益相关者监督机制和以政府监管为主体的外部利益者监督机制,以此完善学校治理结构,纠正民办高等教育市场失灵,进而实现民办高校持续健康发展。

A private university is a typical organization of stakeholders. The owners of private universities, students, teaching faculties, government and the public, etc, are all stakeholders that closely related with the healthy development of private universities. On this basis, on the aspect of perfecting their corporate governance structure, private universities should stand on the governance of stakeholders, constructing a supervision system that stakeholders are involved in, so as to prevent stakeholders＇ interests and to ensure public benefit and public character of high education. But in the reality of operating practice, supervision mechanisms in and out of private universities in China are usually deficient, and stakeholders are hard to take the function of supervision. The private universities are entrapped into ＂family based＂ operating system, which hinders greatly the sustainable and healthy development of private universities. Currently, private universities should build up and perfect a supervision mechanism of inner stakeholders which focuses on board of supervisors, and also set up a supervision mechanism of outside stakeholders which regards government supervision as the object, in order to perfect their management structure, correct market failure of private higher education, then to realize their sustainable and healthy development.