一种改进CA高速公路隧道交通流仿真研究

Improved cellular automata model for simulation of highway tunnel traffic flow

应用元胞自动机理论,针对VDR单车道模型在仿真交通流时数值模拟结果偏小的情况,考虑前车相对运动对跟随车的影响,提出了虚拟车间距的概念,同时在一定条件下对后车进行了跟驰约束,建立改进的VDR绿波模型并应用该模型对高速公路隧道交通流进行了模拟仿真,分析了速度、密度、流量三参数之间的关系,得出车辆密度、车辆延迟刹车概率等因素对高速公路隧道交通流的影响规律,仿真结果表明改进的VDR绿波模型不仅具有基本慢启动模型的典型特性,而且对传统VDR元胞自动机模型数值模拟偏小的情况有合理的改善,对科学管理高速公路瓶颈隧道交通流具有一定的参考价值。

In this paper,an improved Green Wave cellular automata model of velocity-dependent-randomization is proposed,which supplies the notion of virtual space headway and constraints on the following car under certain conditions on considering the impact of the vehicle in front on the highway.The simulation of the common tunnel of the bottleneck is carried out with it.The relationship of average speed,density and traffic volume is analyzed by the computer simulation,getting off the affecting pattern of some factors such as random slow probability and density on traffic flow.The simulation results show that the improved VDR green wave model not only has the typical characteristics of the basic slow start model,but it also has significant improvements to the situation of numerical simulation results slants little of traditional VDR cellular automaton model.And it provides references for the scientific management of traffic flow of bottlenecks.