“因材施教”原则下关于高中文理分科的思考

Discussion on Division of Arts and Sciences in High School in the View of Individualized Quality Education

对于高中文理分科,高校教师与理论工作者大多主张不分,而高中教师、学生与家长们大多主张分。改革必须正视适龄人口与当今教育的现实。与解放初期相比,我国人口增长了2.3倍,大学招生人数却增长了35.7倍,招生规模的激增扩大了考生的入学机会。普通高中空前发展,学生之间的竞争加剧,负担也随之加重。文理分科问题由于与学生学业负担密切相关也备受关注。要解决这一问题,必须遵循"因材施教"原则,对能适应"精英教育"的学生实施不分科教学,而对进入一般大学的大部分学生还得实施分科教学。

There are controversial attitudes towards whether Division of Arts and Sciences should be abolished in senior high schools. Most college teachers and theoretical educators deem that it should be abolished while most high school teachers, students and their parents hold an opposite opinion. Any reforming actions on this issue should be consistent with higher education school-age population and today＇ s education reality. Nowadays, although the population in our country has increased 2.3 times compared with the early liberation period, the university enrolment population has increased 35.7 times which provides students with much more opportunities. On the one hand, ordinary high schools become unprecedentedly popular; on the other hand, competitions among students and their pressures are intensifying. The Division of Arts and Sciences is closely related with reason why it draws so many attentions is that students＇ overloaded schoolwork. To solve this problem, the most simple and feasible method is individualized quality education which means that Division of Arts and Sciences is suitable for most students who prepare to enter ordinary universities while students who will receive elite education should learn all of the Arts and Sciences subjects.