《文心雕龙·知音》对中国传统文学批评的建构

The Construction of Chinese Traditional Literary Criticism toward Liu Xie's Soul Mates in Carving a Dragon at the Core of Literature

《文心雕龙.知音》篇集中体现了刘勰的文学批评理论。在该篇中他指出了文学批评中普遍存在的"知音难求"的现象及其存在的原因,探讨了通过"博观"、"六观"和"沿波讨源"的途径实现文情可鉴的可行性,并从"情动辞发"和"披文入情"两方面论述了创作者与鉴赏者的潜在交流过程,构建了中国传统文学批评中一个包括创作者、作品和鉴赏者之间的互动交流系统。

Liu Xie＇s Soul Mates in Carving a Dragon at the Core of Literature is the important chapter which e- pitomes his theory of literary criticism. In this chapter, he pointed out the phenomenon of ＂lack of soul mates＂ and its cause universally existed in literary criticism, discussed the feasibility of realizing the appreciation of literary criticism and sentiments by the path of ＂extensive observation＂, ＂six observations＂ and ＂searching the headstream along the river（allegorically, in writing, writers should follow the method, ＂minor first, major second and theme last）, expounded the potential course of communication between writer and appreciator from two aspects ＂writing out of strong feeling for writers＂ and ＂understanding the writer＇s feeling through language for readers＂, thus con- structing an interactive communication system including author, works and appreciator in Chinese traditional literary criticism.