儿童期营养状况对成年期健康状况影响的分析研究

Effect of nutritional status in childhood on health status in adulthood

目的探讨儿童青少年期营养状况对成年期健康状况的影响。方法使用"中国居民健康与营养调查"项目1991年到2006年间的6轮中在1991年调查时满2周岁、未满18周岁且每次调查时都保存在研究队列中并且有完整调查结果者。利用重复测量数据的混合效应模型分别研究男女对象从儿童期到成年期BMI的变化趋势。利用Cox比例风险模型,研究成年期发生高血压的风险概率。结果儿童期的消瘦、超重肥胖状态,对成年期显示出了轨迹性的影响。儿童期营养状况和父母教育水平是成年后发生高血压的危险因素,男性研究对象蛋白质摄入每增加1g,不发生高血压的风险比为0.991。女性研究对象能量摄入每增加1kcal/d,不发生高血压的风险比为0.9997。结论儿童期的营养健康状况表现出对成年期健康状况会发生持续影响的趋势。

Objective To investigate the effect of nutritional status in childhood on health status in adulthood. Methods Data were collected from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 1991, 1993, 1997, 2001, 2004 and 2006, and the subjects were older than 2 and no more than 18 year-old at the Survey in 1991 and remained in the same cohort with completed records through all six surveys. Mixed effect linear model was used to study the trajectory of BMI. Proportional hazards model was used to study the hazard risk of hypertension in adulthood. Results Generally, the thinness or overweight-obesity status in childhood followed a same trend till adulthood. Nutritional status in childhood and the educational level of their parents appeared to be related to risk factors of hypertension in adulthood. The hazard ratio of not developing hypertension for additional 1 gram of protein intake per day in male subjects was 0. 991, and which for additional 1 kcal of energy intake per day in female subjects was 0. 9997. Conclusion The nutritional health status in childhood keeps the same trajectory till adulthood.