论取消会话含义的潜在可能与实际发生——兼驳“含义不可取消论”

On Cancellation of Conversation Implicature——Potentiality and Actuality: Rebutting the Non-cancellability Argument

含义不可取消论倚重对含义取消实际发生性的考察,认为执行意向的不可取消性导致含义不可取消,与经典格赖斯会话含义可取消论相悖。本文旨在阐明,以取消含义的潜在可能性为出发点,将含义取消后话语"无语义解码层面上的真值条件冲突"作为含义取消的基本标准,含义可取消性的有效性无以否论;同时,若以"无语用交际层面的意向冲突"作拓展标准,就可丰富含义取消的内涵,为含义在具体交际环境中能否成功取消提供参照。

Based on the examination of the actuality of cancellation of implicature,the argument for the non-cancellability of conversational implicature maintains that the non-cancelability of executed intention renders implicature noncancellable.This stance contradicts the classic Gricean thesis to the effect that cancellability stands as one of the defining features of conversational implicature.This article attempts to verify the validity of the cancellability thesis by expounding the potentiality of cancelling implicature,while taking it as the basic criterion that ＂there should be no truth-conditional contradiction on the semantic decoding level＂ following the cancellation of implicature.Meanwhile,the notion of implicature being cancellable can be enriched by incorporating the extended criterion of ＂no conflict in intention on the pragmatic level of communication＂ which illuminates on the successful cancellation of implicature in specific context.