肥料配施方式对棉花根际土壤酶活性和养分含量的影响

Effects of Fertilization Modes on Enzyme Activities and Nutrient Content in Rhizosphere Soil of Cotton

在田间试验条件下,以转双价(Bt+CpTI)基因抗虫棉sGK321及其亲本常规棉石远321为研究对象,设置了6个不同的施肥处理,比较分析转双价(Bt+CpTI)基因抗虫棉和非转基因亲本棉根际土壤酶活性(脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶)及速效养分(硝态氮、铵态氮和速效磷)的变化,探讨不同施肥处理对转双价(Bt+CpTI)基因抗虫棉根际土壤酶活性及养分含量的影响。结果表明,在棉花种植120 d时,与亲本常规棉相比,转双价(Bt+CpTI)基因抗虫棉根际土壤酶(脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶)活性在100%有机肥试验条件下均显著高于亲本常规棉。而在土壤硝态氮含量上,转双价(Bt+CpTI)基因抗虫棉与亲本常规棉之间的差异随着有机肥配施量的增加而减小;除了对照和50%的有机肥、50%的尿素试验条件外,其他处理转双价(Bt+CpTI)基因抗虫棉与亲本常规棉相比,根际土壤铵态氮含量无显著差异。

In order to determine the effects of different fertilizer treatments on enzyme activities and nutrient contents of rhizosphere soil in transgenic cotton fields, the changes of the enzyme activities （urease, alkaline phosphatase and catalase） and nutrient content （nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and available phosphorus） in rhizosphere soil under six fertilizer treatments were examined in field experiments, using trans Bt plus CpTI gene cotton sGK321 as material, and its parental conventional cotton Shiyuan321 as control. The results showed that under 100% organic fertilizer, compared to the parental conventional cotton, the soil enzyme activities （urease, alkaline phosphatase and catalase） of trans Bt plus CpTI gene cotton were significantly higher after planted for 120 days. But for the nitrate nitrogen content, the difference between trans Bt plus CpTI gene cotton and conventional cotton decreased with the increasing of the amount of organic fertilizer applied; there were no significant difference between transgenic cotton and conventional one in ammonical nitrogen contents except for control and 50% organic fertilizer, 50% urea mode.