生物堆修复石油污染土壤的研究进展

Advances in Research of Petroleum-contaminated Soil Remediation by Biopiles

土壤的石油污染已成为备受关注的环境问题,对其进行修复治理是恢复土壤环境功能的重要保证。近年来以微生物强化修复为特点的生物堆技术被越来越多地运用于土壤石油污染的修复,对生物堆关键技术及微观机理的探索也成为环境污染生物修复领域的研究热点之一。文章就国内外运用生物堆法修复石油污染土壤的研究进行综述,从生物堆技术的发展及其结构、修复过程中的关键影响因子、生物堆修复机理和修复成本4个方面进行了综合阐述,并对生物堆在石油污染土壤修复领域的研究趋势进行展望,旨在推动生物堆在石油污染土壤修复过程中的应用。在探讨修复过程中的关键影响因子时,主要针对石油降解功能菌、电子受体、土壤环境参数和营养物质4个重要指标进行了介绍;同时对生物堆中物质的运移传输和微生物作用2个重要修复机理进行了阐述。

This paper reviews the development of bio-piles technology at home and abroad, focusing on its application to remediation of petroleum-polluted soil. Four aspects are summarized including brief introduction and the development history of bio-piles, main influencing factors of soil remediation by bio-piles, the soil remediation mechanism, and cost analysis of soil remediation. Details are given to functional microbe, electron acceptor, soil environmental factors and elements of nutrient, which are considered the four main influencing factors; meantime, mechanism of materials transformation and microorganism action within the bio-piles are expatiated.