生物强化滤池-O_3-BAC系统对微污染河水的深度净化研究

Biologically Enhanced Filter/O_3/BAC System for Purification of Micro-polluted River Water

为提高生物滤池-臭氧氧化-生物活性炭滤池组合工艺系统对微污染地表水中主要污染物的去除效率,文章考察了生物强化条件下该组合系统的性能。利用PCR-DGGE技术进行各单元中微生物多样性对比分析,并采用生物毒性效应测试进行该项组合工艺出水水质的生态安全性考察。此外,通过显微镜和扫描电镜进行生物单元填料中微生物膜形态研究。结果表明:生物强化滤池单元中高效工程菌的添加有效改善了系统内微生物浓度低的问题并提高了系统对主要污染物的去除效率,生物强化滤池填料中微生物多样性指数和物种数均高于其他工艺单元。生物滤池中生物膜形态、颜色和厚度具有沿水流方向渐变的特点。原水经生物强化组合系统深度处理后可有效降低水中生物毒性,包括部分急性毒性特征物质和致癌风险值的削减。

Bio-augmentation technique was applied to the improvement of a biological filter/ozonation/biological activated carbon（BAC） process for enhancing micro-polluted river water purification. This paper describes a bench-scale experiment in which some sophisticated technologies and instruments are used such as PCR-DGGE for analyzing microbial and biological effects to evaluate biological toxicity, and SEM measurement to examine the bio-film formation on the filter and morphological patterns of the bio-film. The experiment clearly shows that addition of some engineering bacteria could improve water pollutants removal by increasing microorganism content and microbial diversity index, as well as microbial species number in the bio-fihn filter; additionally, biological toxicity, including acute toxic and carcinogenic, of the treated water is reduced effectively.