半城市化地区土地利用变化及驱动力分析——以厦门市集美区为例

Characteristics and Drivers of Land Use Change in Peri-urban Area:Case Study of Jimei District,Xiamen City

半城市化地区是在快速城市化进程中产生的一种过渡类型地域,伴随着剧烈的土地利用竞争和矛盾,土地利用变化迅速的特征。以厦门市集美区为例分析了半城市化地区土地利用演变规律,发现1987-2007年间研究区土地利用强度持续提高,城市建设用地和农村建设用地增加,农用地和淡水水域面积减少。矩阵转移分析结果表明,城市建设用地的增加主要来自未利用地、农用地和农村建设用地,农村建设用地的增加主要由农用地和未利用地转化而来,农用地是城市化过程中最容易受到侵占的土地利用类型。建设用地变化与非农业人口、总GDP,第二产业产值、固定资产投资、农民人均纯收入、实际利用外资、房地产投资呈现显著的正相关关系,是建设用地变化的主要驱动力。农用地面积变化与非农人口、总GDP、第一产业产值、第二产业产值、农民人均纯收入以及实际利用外资呈现显著的负相关关系。集美半城市化地区土地利用变化的主要驱动力包括城市人口增长、土地利用政策、经济结构调整、公共基础设施的发展以及国家政策。

Peri-urban which is emerged with the rapid urbanization is a new transitional type of area between urban and rural area, along with the important characteristics of intense competition and conflicts of land use and quickly changes of land use Taking Jimei peri--urban in Xiamen of southeast China as an example, land use pattern from 1987 to 2007 was examined, it was found that land use intensity has been increased, of which big amplitude occurs in urban construction land and rural construction land and unused land. Urban construction land grew fastest, mainly through the expansion of its occupation of agriculture land and unused land, while unused land increased primarily from the conversion of agriculture land Agriculture land is most vulnerable to encroachment of land use types in the process of urbanization. Non-agricultural population, total GDP, secondary industry output value, investment in fixed assets, net income of farmers, actual utilization of foreign capital, real estate investment show a significant positive correlation with change of construction land, and they are its major driving force~ Non-agricultural population, total GDP, primary industry and secondary industry output value, net income of farmers and actual utilization of foreign investment show a significant negative correlation with changes in agricultural land. Major driving factors of land use change in Jimei peri -urban area include urban population growth, land use policy, economic restructuring, public infrastructure development and national policy.