马克思对施蒂纳反对“自由主义”观点的批判

Marx's Critique on Stirner's Viewpoint against “Liberalism"

施蒂纳将"自由主义"理解为崇拜国家、社会或"人"的理论,包括政治自由主义、社会自由主义和人道自由主义。他认为,只有消灭国家和社会观念,消灭一般的"人"的概念,摆脱这些外在力量的束缚和限制,个人才能获得无限的自由,才能成为自我一致的利己主义者、"唯一者"。马克思揭露了施蒂纳对自由主义划分和理解的狭隘性和扭曲性,从现实的个人出发说明现存国家、社会和思想观念,把根本变革资本主义社会结构作为实现人的自由的途径。

Stirner thinks that＂liberalism＂ is the theory of worship to state, society or ＂person＂, including political liberalism, social liberalism and humanitarian liberalism. He believes only eradicating the concepts of state, society and general ＂person＂ individual can get rid of these external forces of repression and bound and become a self- consistent egoist, ＂ego＂, and realize infinite freedom. Marx exposes Stirner＇ s narrow and distortion of division and understanding to liberalism, starting from realistic individual he explains the existing state, society and ideas, and takes the fundamental change of capitalist social structure as the basic way to human freedom.