人工四倍体桑树新品种强桑2号的育成

Breeding of a New Mulberry Artificial Tetraploid Variety,Qiangsang 2

通过人工诱导加倍桑树染色体的方法,获得丰产性能更优的桑树多倍体品种。将鲁桑系二倍体杂交组合塔桑×农桑14号F1代的幼苗,用秋水仙碱处理诱导出人工四倍体植株,经过对优良人工四倍体株系的选择、扩大繁殖以及区域适应性鉴定试验和农村生产试验,2011年通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定并定名为强桑2号。该人工四倍体桑树新品种在区域性试验中与对照二倍体桑树品种湖桑32号比较,桑叶增产18.93%,桑叶养蚕的万蚕茧层量提高3.03%,并表现出抗桑疫病、抗旱耐瘠等特点。新品种适合在长江流域蚕区栽植。

A mulberry polyploidy variety with better productive performance was obtained by means of artificially inducing and doubling mulberry chromosomes. Artificial tetraploid mulberry plants were induced by colchicine treatment to young seedlings of diploid F1 hybrid combination, Tasang x Nongsang 14. After selection and extended propagation of excellent artificial tetraploid plant lines, regional adaptation test and rural production test, the new mulberry variety was ap- proved by Crop Variety Evaluation Committee of Zhejiang Province in 2011 and named Qiangsang 2. The leaf production and cocoon shell weight per 10 000 larvae reared with leaves of this artificial tetraploid mulberry variety increased by 18.93% and 3.03% respectively compared with Husang 32, the control diploid cultivar. Moreover, it showed high resistance to mulberry blight disease, strong endurance to drought and arid land and other favorable traits, being suitable for growing in sericultural regions of the Yangtze River Valley.