法家实用实践思想论

Utility Thought of Legalist School

法家的实用是一个系统论的视野,它不仅把实用设计为道德的理论目标,而且精细运思了实用的实践世界。实用的驱动需要定分尤其是确立公私之分。在动态的层面,堵塞私门、私便是抑制人性趋利特点肆意活动的需要;这不是大公无私,而是在保证"私作"权利条件下的行为;在社会的层面,按能授事、循名而督实最为重要,实用实践的持久力来源于赏罚。实用是俭约的基础,而实用的源头在老子。在已经进入不得不实行俭约之道的今天,法家的实用思想具有积极的价值和意义。

Utility of Legalist School is a systematical perspective. Legalist School not only takes utility as theory goal of morality, but also thinks practice of utility meticulously. The driving of utility need to establish distinction be tween the public and the private. At the dynamic level, stopping selfish behavior is necessary to prevent human from seeking individual benefits without limitation. That is not impartial, but a behavior after ensuring the right of ＂private＂. At the social level, it is the most important to grant the social position according to one＇s ability and to check the ac complishment according to one＇ s social title. The stamina of practice of utility comes from reward and punishment. U tility is the foundation of frugality and its origin is in Laozi. The thought of utility has a positive value in the twenty first century when human beings have to carry out the frugal way to maintain their lives.