论美国利益集团对立法的影响

On the Influence of Interest Groups on the Legislation in the US

利益集团被视为现代民主政治的重要结构,对美国的立法有着重大的影响。为了准确理解当代美国的政治,必须研究利益集团参与立法活动的种种情况。利益集团对立法有着正反两个方面的影响:一方面,利益集团的存在,为民主政治下的合理决策提供了必要的信息;另一方面,利益集团势力的扩张,削弱了国会整体上对政策结果的控制,损害了国会的权威,腐蚀和败坏了民主政治。因此,立法过程中在发挥利益集团正面作用的同时,亦应注意将其负面影响减少到最低限度。

The interest group is seen as the important part among modern democratic structure,which also plays an important role in the field of legislation in the U.S..In order to understand precisely the current politics in the U.S.,it is necessary to research on the influence of the participation of interest groups during the process of legislation.The influence is a double-edged sword.On the one hand,just because of the existence and participation of the interest groups,necessary information for the rational decision-making is supplied by them under democratic politics.On the other hand,the expansion of interest groups reduces the controlling ability of Congress generally,which harms the authority of Congress,decays and breaks the democratic politics.Therefore,while maintaining the positive influence of interest groups,we should also limit the negative influence to the minimal extent.