利玛窦与中西医学交流

Matteo Ricci:the Pioneer of Chinese-Western Medicine Communication

利玛窦是第一个将西方中古医学理论(四体液说)以及近代生理学(脑的结构和功能理论)介绍进中国的人,同时也是最早向西方社会介绍中医的人之一;更重要的是,他开创了从自然哲学、生理学和医学方法论等层面系统地与传统中医进行理论交流的先河。此外,本文从科学哲学和医学史的视角,重新评价利玛窦在中国医学发展史和中西医学争论史上的突出地位和深远影响。

Matteo Ricci was the pioneer in the medicine communication between China and Europe in theories, including natural philosophy, physiology and medical methodology. He was the first person who in- troduced the theory of body-fluids of four kinds, and the theory of brain function into China. And he was the first person who introduced Traditional Chinese Medicine to Europe. In addition, the paper, from the perspec- tive of philosophy and medical history, re-evaluates Matteo Ricci＇s prominent position and far-reaching impli- cations in both the history of Chinese medicine development and the controversial history of Western and tra- ditional Chinese medicine.