磷石膏改良基质中Cd、Zn在蔬菜内的富集和迁移特征

The Characteristics of Enrichment and Migration of Cd and Zn in Vegetables Planted in Improved Phosphogypsum Matrix

为查明改良磷石膏是否可以用作耕地,选择白菜、上海青、叶用芥菜和菠菜在磷石膏改良基质上种植,分析Cd、Zn在4种蔬菜不同部位的富集和迁移特征。结果表明：4种蔬菜中Cd、Zn的含量范围分别为0.004～0.039、45.56～361.89mg/kg,Cd可满足《农产品安全质量无公害蔬菜安全要求》,而Zn超过《农产品安全质量无公害蔬菜安全要求》。Cd、Zn在蔬菜中的总体分布规律均为：根〉茎〉叶,其富集系数分别为0.23～0.47、0.90～3.19,且Zn〉Cd,富集较强,表明Zn较Cd在蔬菜中的富集能力强,易被蔬菜吸收。Cd、Zn在蔬菜中的迁移率总体呈现为：地下部位〉地上部位。

To find out whether the improved phosphogypsum matrix can be used as farmland or not, chinese cabbage, Brassicachinensis, Brassica juncea Cosson and spinach were chosen to be planted on the improved phosphogypsum matrix. The characteristics of enrichment and migration of Cd and Zn in different parts of 4 vegetables were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of Cd and Zn in 4 vegetables were 0.004- 0.039 mg/kg and 45.56-361.89 mg/kg, respectively. Cd could meet Safety Qualification for Agricultural Product-safety Requirements for Non-environmental Pollution Vegetable, however, Zn could not meet this standards. The rule of Cd and Zn distributed in different parts was ranked as rootstemleaf. The enrichment coefficients of Cd and Zn were 0.23-0.47 and 0.90-3.19, respectively, moreover, Zn〉Cd, showing enrichment ability of Zn was stronger than Cd and Zn could be easily absorbed by vegetables. The migration rate of Cd and Zn in vegetable showed as underground partsground parts.