慢性老年病人的社区护理分析

Analysis of chronic elderly patients in community nursing

目的:通过对老年病人的社区护理进行探讨,阐明社区护理对提高老年慢性病病人生活质量的有效性。方法:2010年1月～2011年8月随机抽取482例慢性老年病人的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并将其随机分为两组,对照组(n=241)实施常规护理,观察组(n=241)实施优质护理、健康教育等内容的社区护理服务。通过家庭随访对护理效果以及病人对社区护理的满意度进行观察。并采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)对两组病人的心理状况进行对比;对两组病人健康知识知晓度、自我保健意识以及健康习惯的养成等方面进行对比分析。结果:观察组SAS与SDS得分均比对照组低,且存在统计学意义(P<0.05);在健康知识知晓度、自我保健意识以及健康习惯的养成等方面,对照组所占的比例均低于观察组,且存在显著的统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:对慢性老年病人进行社区护理,能改善病人的不良心理状态,还能提高病人健康知识的知晓率与自我保健意识。

Objective：Through the community care in the aged patients of community nursing, to elucidate the validity of community for improvement the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases. Methods：A random sample of 482 cases of chronic elderly patients clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, and it is randomly divided into two groups, the control group（ n = 241 ）implementation of routine nursing, observation group（ n = 241 ）implementation of quality nursing care,health education and so on. Through the home follow - up on nursing effect of community nursing and patient satisfaction were observed. For high quality nursing intervention, mainly using the selfrating anxiety scale（SAS） and the selfrating depression scale（SDS） on two groups of psychological change status compared, in terms of health education, comparative analysis two groups patients of the health knowledge awareness, self health care consciousness and health habits. Results：The observation group SAS and SDS scores were lower than the control group, and there was significant difference （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The health knowledge awareness, self care awareness and health habits and other aspects ,the control group were lower than the proportion of the observation group, and the presence of significant statistical difference （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion ：The chronic elderly patients in community nurs- ing, can improve patients＇ psychological state of anxiety, but also can improve the health knowledge awareness and self health care consciousness.