论《从苏联归来》在1930年代中国的译介与影响

The Translation and Influence of Return from the Soviet Union in 1930s' China

纪德《从苏联归来》一书发表后,影响波及世界各地。与其他国家的多种声音并存不同,该书在中国的反应比较单一。由于当时中苏关系的复杂性,以及1930年代左翼文学的强势,中国知识界对纪德该书描写的真实性普遍表示出质疑,并持批评态度。即使有少数同情理解纪德者,其声音也迅速淹没于抗战之中。《从苏联归来》一书在中国的传播史,显示出个人主义、艺术自由和批判精神在中国现代文学发展历史中的匮乏。

Andre Gide＇s Return from the Soviet Union had taken a worldwide influence after its publication. Different from the various responses from other countries, there was only one single voice in China. One reason of it was the complexity of the Sino-Soviet relations at that time. The second was the strength of the left-wing literature in 1930s. Chinese intelligentsia mostly took a doubtful and critical attitude to the facticity of the book, even there were a few people felt sympathy for Gide or un- derstandable, their voice were quickly covered by the grand historical narrative in the Anti-Japanese War. The transmission of Return from the Soviet Union in China shows the deficiency of individual- ism, art freedom and protest spirit in modern Chinese literature history.