中国传统司法思维模式的文化分析

The Cultural Analysis on Chinese Traditional Judicial Thinking Mode

中国古代法官在审判过程中,为追求实质正义——无讼与和谐,往往会舍法而取情理,依情理进行审判。这种法律思维模式与西方的严格形式主义相对,被称为实质性思维模式,它是中国古代审判文化的一个特质。其产生的文化根源是中国人对和谐、无讼理想社会的追求及越过事物的形式追求实质内容的思维模式,以实质性思维处理案件亦可达至息讼止争的社会目的,但这种思维模式也造成了中国人法治观念的淡漠,同时阻碍了中国法治社会的建立。然而,无论如何它作为中国传统法律文化的一部分又是无法抛弃的,只能期待我们现代人对其进行创造性的转化。

In the course of judgment, the judges in antiquity of China always adopt the reasonableness instead of the law , they always judge a case according to the reasonableness in order to pursue the essential justice, harmo- ny and no lawsuit. This mode of legal thinking is contrary to the strict formalism in western, it went by the name of the mode of substantive thinking. It is a particularity of the judgment culture in antiquity of China. Its cultural root is that Chinese pursue a society that will be harmony and no lawsuit, and pursue the substantive contents across the format of a matter. It can bring to a social aim of no lawsuit and harmony by dealing the case with it, but this mode of substantive thinking can cause a pale law intention in Chinese idea, and cumber to set up a society that be ruled by law in China. In any case, it can＇ t be cast away as it is a part of the traditional legal culture of China. We ex- pect it is transformed in a creative way in modern times.