不同土壤消毒剂和杀菌剂防治草莓土传病害的研究

Control effects of soil disinfectants and fungicides on soil-borne disease in strawberry

利用3种土壤消毒剂和6种杀菌剂处理草莓育苗地和种植地,研究其对草莓土传性病害的防治效果及其对草莓育苗和产量的影响。结果表明,3种土壤消毒剂处理都明显降低育苗地和种植地中草莓苗炭疽病和枯萎病的发病率,防治效果较好的是三氯硝基甲烷和四氢-3,5-二甲基-1,3,5-噻二唑-2-硫酮。其中三氯硝基甲烷降低了土传病害的发病率,草莓苗发苗数量明显提高11.23%,产量也明显增加14.78%。使用6种杀菌剂后,炭疽病发病率显著降低,在第4次用药后15 d,对照发病率高达89.3%,而75%戊唑醇.肟菌酯WG 3000倍液和43%戊唑醇SC 5 000倍液处理的防治效果较好,炭疽病发病率仅为4.0%,防效分别高达98.41%和98.54%。

Three kinds of soil disinfectants and fungicides were used in the strawberry nursery and cultivation land,and its control effect on strawberry soil-borne diseases,plantlet raise and strawberry production were tested.The results showed that the three soil disinfectants had significantly reduced the disease incidence of strawberry anthracnose and fusarium wilt both in nursery and cultivation land.Chloropicrin and dazomet had the better inhibitory effects.The number of plantlets and fruit production treated with chloropicrin increased 11.23% and 14.78%,respectively.The disease incidence of anthrax was also significantly reduced after application of six kinds of fungicides.The anthracnose incidence of control treatment was 89.3%,while the 75% tebuconazole·trifloxystrobin WG dilution with 3 000 times and 43% tebuconazole SC dilution with 5 000 times had the disease incidence of 4.0%.And the control efficiency was as high as 98.41% and 98.54%,respectively.