民营企业与1930年代的统制经济思潮

Chinese Private Enterprises and Thoughts of Controlled Economy in the 1930s

1930年代国内盛行的统制经济思潮,给民营企业发展造成很大冲击。其一,民营企业发展形象在统制经济思潮中趋于低小;其二,民营企业发展愿望在统制经济思潮中遭到冷落;其三,民营企业发展困境在统制经济思潮中受到漠视。这样,统制经济思潮从社会舆论压力和大众认知趋向的角度,与国民政府发达国家资本,节制私人资本的政策合流,一起推动中国现代工业的主体形态由私营经济向国营经济转变。然而,统制经济思潮中所浸透的国人希图依靠国家力量,借助发达国家资本实现民族复兴和国家强盛的梦想,却在官僚权贵资本主义借机膨胀不断吞噬民营经济的过程中走向了破碎。这其中的历史教训,发人深省。

The thoughts of controlled economy which was prevalent in the 1930s had a big impact upon the development of Chinese private enterprises.In the thoughts of controlled economy,the image of private enterprises tended to be small,their desire for development was snubbed and their difficulties were treated with indifference.Hence thoughts of controlled economy cooperated with the government policy to develop national capital but control private one and promote the transformation of the main form of Chinese modern national industry from private economy to state-run one.In the thoughts of controlled economy,countrymen intended to rely on national forces and realize national revival and prosperity with the help of increasing national capital.Nevertheless,their dream shattered as the bureaucratic capitalists seized the opportunity to devour private economy.The historic lessons from that period is thought-provoking.