论南朝赠答诗的主题及成因

On the Themes and Causes of Southern Dynasty Gift Poetry

南朝赠答诗数量众多,反映出的主题主要有以诗赠别、以诗抒怀、以诗干谒三大类。其中赠别诗按其情境,可分为多对一的赠别,一对多的赠予,一对一的相赠三类;以诗抒怀主要抒发的是生命短暂之思和游子思乡之情;以诗干谒是通过赠答诗表达出慕群恋景,求荐希用之意。这些主题的兴盛与南朝统治者重视文学推崇诗歌的风尚,以及动荡更迭的政治环境下文人无法把握自己命运的状态息息相关。

Southern Dynasty witnessed plenty of gift poetry that express the themes including see off,express one's emotions and seek to interview with requests for favor.According to its circumstances,poetry of see-off is categorized into three types: many-to-one,one-to-many and one-to-one.Poetry of expressing one's emotions is about emotions like life is too short and homesick sentiments of men residing far away.Poetry of seeking to interview with requests for favor is conveying loving of natural scene and the ordinary people to offer one's services.These themes are prosperous which is mainly due to the fact that rulers of Nanchao Dynasty treasure literature and praise highly poetry as a cult and that the men of letter cannot master their own destiny under fast alteration of rulers and unstable political environments.