传教士小说向儿童文学的转型原因浅析

The Causes of Transition from Missionary Novels to Children′s Literature

近代以来,外来翻译文学对中国文学尤其是新文学的影响,是多方位而深远的。它不仅为现代白话文输入了诸多丰盈的养料,更促进了多种新文类的建立。在这一过程中,传教士小说起到了非常重要的作用。在19世纪中后期,随着科学技术的发展与刺激,传教士的本土传教理念发生了转变,加上女传教士的加入和鸦片战争爆发等因素,传教士小说出现了非常明显的转向,亦即其预设读者群从成人尤其是从士大夫阶层向儿童的重大转换。

Since the modern times, the influence from foreign translated literature to Chinese literature, especially the new literature, is comprehensive and profound. It not only gives the rich nutrition to the modern vernacular literature but also pushes the establishment for many new genres, and in this process, the missionary novels play essential role. In the late 19th century, the native missionary concepts changed with the development of science and technology, the appearance of woman missionaries and the outbreak of the Opium War. The apparent transition of the novels by missionaries was found and the preset readers were transited from adults especially intelligentsia to children.