北京市再生水补水公园湿地水生植物群落调查

Investigation of Aquatic Plant Communities of Wetlands Supplied with Reclaimed Water in Parks,Beijing

2011年8～10月,对北京市以再生水为补充水源的11座公园河、湖湿地进行了植物现状调查,共记录了水生植物42种,隶属于22科35属。42种植物中,有沉水植物5种,占被调查的植物物种总数的11.9%;浮水植物7种,占总数的16.7%;挺水植物30种,占总数的71.4%。挺水植物是被调查植物资源中的优势生态型。采用二歧指示种分析(two-way indicators species analysis,TWINSPAN)方法,将调查的143个植物群落样方划分为9种植物群落类型,其中,荷花+香蒲-睡莲+萍蓬草-苦草+金鱼藻群落(Com.Nelumbo nucifera+Typha orientalis-Nymphaea tetragona+Nuphar pumilum-Vallisneria natans+Ceratophyllum demersum)、芦苇+千屈菜+野慈姑-金鱼藻+石龙尾群落(Com.Phragmites australis+Lythrum salicaria+Sagittaria trifolia-Ceratophyllum demer?sum+Limnophila sessiliflora)、荻-王莲+凤眼莲-轮叶狐尾藻群落(Com.Triarrhena sacchariflora-Victoria sp.+Eichhornia crassipes-Myriophyllum verticillatum)为北京市典型的3种湿地水生植物群落类型,且前二者为优势植物群落类型;其余6种为零星分布的湿地水生植物群落类型。

With the sample method, the investigation of aquatic plant communities of rivers and lakes supplied with reclaimed water in parks, Beijing was conducted during August to October 2011. The 143 quadrates were surveyed. The results showed that there were 42 aquatic plant species, which belong to 35 genera and 22 fami- lies, in rivers and lakes supplied with reclaimed water of 11 parks （Beijing Daguanyuan, Beijing Zoo, Taoranting Park, Youth Lake Park, Liumeng Park, Red Scarf Park, Four Sports Park, Chaoyang Park, Olympic Park, Old Summer Palace Ruins Park, and Beijing Teaching Botanical Garden）, Beijing. Of 42 aquatic plant species, 30 species are emersed plant, 7 species are float plant, and 5 species are submerged plants. The em- ersed plant is the dominant ecotype. Using method of two-way indicators species analysis, it was found that there were 9 types of aquatic plant communities in 143 quadrates. Among of them, Com. Nelumbo nucifera ＋ Typha orientalis--Nymphaea tetragona -4- Nuphar pumilum--Vallisneria natans -4- Ceratophyllum demersum, Com. Phragmites australis ＋ Lythrum salicaria -4- Sagittaria trifolia--Ceratophyllum demersum -4- Limnophila ses- siliflora, and Com. Triarrhena sacchariflora--Victoria sp. -4- Eichhornia crassipes--Myriophyllum verticillatum are typical types of aquatic plant communities in Beijing.